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PAT'BNTBDVPEB. z, 1904.

E. A. SEITZ. Y INTERNAL COMBUSTION 0R EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.19, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

MMIII.

INVENTUH I w/TNESSES:

i AVTTOHNE Y UNITED STATES Patented February 2, 1904.

i PATENT OFFICE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION OR EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. '7 50,901, dated February 2, 1904. Application filed February 19, 1903. Serial No. 144,076. (No model.) l

To a/ZZ whom it may'concern.: p

Be it known that I, FREDERICK A'. SEITZ, residing in the city of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion or Explosive Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention in internal-combustion motors relates particularly to that class known as explosive-engines of the four-cycle type; vand the object of my invention is to construct a four-cycle explosive-engine which will receive an impulse of its working piston both on the outward and'inward strokes, thereby increasing the horse-power capacity of motors ofthe character to which my invention belongs for a greater amountof power and a less amount of material employed in their construction in a more simple and effective manner thanV trated in the drawings which form part of this specication and are clearly described -in the subsequent detailed explanation and fully pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings I have illustrated the invention as being applied toa three-cylinder four-cycle water-cooled double-acting explo-- sive engine designed In this Instance for motorvehicles, the manner of suspension for this purpose being illustrated in the vertical longitudinal sectional view, Figure l, and the general appearance of the motor presenting the three cylinders is Aillustrated by the side elevational view, Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a detailview of the bracket to which the piston-rod is attached.

In the several figures similar characters ofreference refer to the same parts.

The engine is shown as arranged vertically, so that the downward stroke of each piston cor- 1 responds with the outward stroke thereof andthe upward with the inner stroke of the same.

Y Vpiston-head a cast integral with the trunk portion ca, and secured to thel piston-head a2 is a bracket B, said bracket being secured in any suitable manner, but preferably by threaded bolts, as shown. At the lower extremity of the bracket BV is a wrist-pin bearing B'. The function of the bracketB at'its base, where it is shown bolted to the piston-head a2, is to adapt the trunked piston comprising the body a, head a2, and head a to be more freely constructed and the boring of the same made simpler, consistent with strength, than'would be the case were the same constructed upon the principles in vogue previous to'my invention. c

The bracket B, being composed of angleiron, which may be of a tougher material than that of which the piston is composed, is of the extended vertical character indicated in Fig. l, and at the end opposite to that having the bearing B the bracket has integrally the flat plate b, which is bolted against the inner side of the end of the smaller piston a2. This bracket is furthermore provided at a short distancev from the plate with a series o f radial fingers which bear against the inner sides of the piston and serve Vto brace the bracket more rigidly relative thereto. To facilitate the'introduction and securement of the bracket within the piston, the lingers b alternate with respect to the position of the bracket-securing bolts, so that access may be readily had to the latter in attaching or detachingthe bracket. i

The connecting -rod C is secured to the bracket BV at the wrist-pin bearings B by a wrist-pin B2, which is fitted to the parts in operable relation, as is customary. The com bustion chamber or cylinder A has a waterjacket C', preferably cast integral with the cylinder A, or the three Acylinders illustrated in Fig. 2 may be cast integral withsaid water-jacket.

Y In order to obtain an impulse during the upward stroke of the piston, I provide an inner or rentrant cylinder C2 in gas-tight connection with the cylinder-head a by means of the usual packing-rings, as illustrated in Fig.

'1. I prefer, however, to mount the inner cylinder C2 upon the crank case c and construct this of a separate piece of metal independently of the cylinder A, the inner cylinder C2 being secured to the crank-case c by bolts or by thread engagement within a suitable recess in the crank case to secure a gas tight connection. This cylinder C2 forms a fixed bearing-cylinder, upon which the large pistonhead works.

It will be observed that the disposition of the two piston-heads a and 02 is such as to comprise, in effect, a double-cylinder four-cycle explosive-engine with but one crank and connecting rod. It will also be obvious by studying the drawings that a double set of intake and exhaust valves D D E E are disposed in a similar manner to that of a double-cylinder motor of the type aforesaid. The ignitionplugs F, intake-valves, exhaust-valves, and cam mechanism Gr therefore are suiiiciently illustrated to require no further description and specifically form no part of the present invention. Their functions will be well understood by those skilled in the art of combustion -motor designing and building. It will also be observed, however, by the arrangements of the valve mechanism stated that upon the upward or compression stroke of the piston head a2 the enlarged piston a will be making an inhalation stroke, and upon maximum compression and ignition due to the piston-head (o2 and the concomitants' thereof the same will be returned by the kinetic energy of the ignited gases in the combustionchamber A. The downward stroke will result in the consequent compression of the inhaled ingredients by the larger piston-head a as it is descending until its maximum compression-stroke, depending uponthe load, has been reached, when ignition will follow, as aforesaid, and the piston-head a2 will be returned by the working stroke of the pistonhead a and expel the products of combustion from the upper part of the combustion-chamber A into the upper exhaust-outlet.

I prefer to construct the piston-heads a2 and a of suchdiameters that their pressure areas will be practically equal. The trunk connecting the pistons heads is provided contiguous to the larger piston-heads a with small ports a3 to admit air in cushioning the upward stroke of said piston.

It will be observed that while the engine is operating in the manner aforesaid and the reciprocating movement of the piston is being translated by the crank and connecting-rod into a rotary one, as is customary, the impulses during four strokes will be two consecutive impulses and two consecutive exhausting strokes intervening; but two impulses vwill be obtained in every four strokes or an equivalent of an impulse in each revolution, and in consequence thereof I am enabled to operate my four-cycle explosive-engine under more variable mean effective pressures than those constructions wherein animpulse is obtained but once in every four strokes of the piston.

In embodying my invention i'na triple-cylinder arrangement, as exemplified in the drawings, the cranks H H2 H3 are so equidistantly secured on the driving-shaft H at angles of one hundred and twenty degrees apart that the impulse stroke of each piston will -overlap that of the preceding piston, so that the total effect Vof the three pistons will beto secure a practically uniform rotation of the crank-shaft, resulting in an increase ofv torque and the avoidance of the manifestation of the explosions so noticeable in this class of engines.

I am aware .that previous to my invention double-acting combustion-motors have been constructed, and I therefore do not broadly claim the same; but Y What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. An internal-combustion motor comprising a cylinder having bores of different di ameters, connected piston-heads disposed in said bores, and a fixed bearing-cylinder upon which the larger piston-head works.

2. An internal-combustion motor comprising a cylinder having bores of different diameters, connected piston-heads disposed in said bores, a xed bearing-cylinder upon which the larger piston-head works, an inwardly-projecting bracket carried by the smaller pistonhead, and a connecting-rod pivotally attached to the bracket, extending through the bearingcylinder and in operative relation with a cranks aft.

3. An internal-combustion motor comprising a crank-casing and a cylinder having bores of different diameters, the larger bore being contiguous to the crank-casing, connected piston-heads disposed in said portions, a fixed bearing-cylinder secured to the crank-casing and upon which bearing-cylinder the larger piston-head works, and a crank-rod pivotally attached to the smaller piston-head, extending through the bearing-cylinder and in operative relation with a crank-shaft in the casing.

4. An internal-combustion motor comprising a cylinder having bores of different diameters, piston -heads disposed in said bores, a trunk connecting said piston-heads and provided with ports for cushioning the larger head, and a fixed bearing-cylinder upon which the larger head works.

5. In an internal-combustion motor,the combination with a plurality of cylinders, each having bores of dierent diameters, a crank-casing common to and connected with the larger bores of the cylinders, a crank-shaft mounted IOO IIO

in the casing, connected piston-heads disposed In testimony whereof I have signed my name in both bores of each cylinder, bearing-cylinto this specification in the presence of two subders upon which the larger piston-heads Work, scribing Witnesses.

and connecting-rods pivotally connected With FREDERICK A. SEITZ. the smaller piston-heads, extending through Witnesses:

the bearing-cylinders and connected with the WILLIAM PAXTON,

crank-shaft. HELEN E. MAHER. 

